Highway traffic happens when there is a stoppage in the flow of cars through a particular area. The longer cars are on the highway (i.e. because of traffic), the more traffic they create and vice versa.
1. Car Clumping is a tendency of drivers to clump in small traveling pods because of the natural tendency to drive up the the car in front of you and trail him regardless of speed. When this happens, cars tend to pile up and if there are multiple lanes with this behavior, a Car Clump will occur, making bottlenecks likely.
2. Driver Overreaction happens when drivers' behavior in neighboring lanes causes an overreaction by the driver. When cars merge onto a highway (as in Diaz. 1 below), drivers in lane 3 and 2 tend to brake, unnecessarily predicting a stoppage and ironically causing a stoppage. Careful driving is important, but driver overreaction unnecessarily leads to traffic.
3. Driver inconsistency is detrimental to flow of traffic. When car A tries to pass car B, it would help if car B maintains its speed. If car B speeds up (usually unintentionally) to match car A's acceleration, car A cannot pass and this creates Car Clumping. Also, consistency in speed helps when drivers are merging to help them gauge how fast they need to go. If they know the cars on the highway are likely to maintain their speed, it is easier for them to merge. |